Engineering A Cleaner River

I Eat Rubbish:

“I eat rubbish!”, the notice fixed to it claims that it collects 40 tons of rubbish every year; the equivalent of 800,000 plastic bottles. Called a “passive debris collector”, nine of them have been bobbing along the river for the past five years. Each captures tons of floating litter; bottles, cans, and plastic, that otherwise would have flowed out to sea and killed fish and birds. It was initiated by Thames21, an environmental charity…

NSF Strategic Plan

National Science Foundation Investing in America’s Future Strategic Plan FY 2006-2011

We will support transformational research and promote excellence in science and engineering education in ways that will fuel innovation, stimulate the economy, and improve quality of life. We will also nurture the vibrant and innovative science and engineering enterprise necessary to achieve these goals and stimulate broader participation in this enterprise throughout the nation.

That is pretty broad strokes but they have details and recognizable changes in attitude also.

abroad. Increasing international competition and workforce mobility, combined with a surge in international collaboration in science and engineering research, continue to alter the science and engineering landscape worldwide. To lead within this broader global context, the U.S. science and engineering workforce must build greater capacity for productive international collaboration.

More priorities: “Promote transformational, multidisciplinary research.” “Prepare a diverse, globally engaged STEM workforce.” “Engage and inform the public in science and engineering through informal education.” “Identify and support the next generation of large research facilities.” “Expand efforts to broaden participation from underrepresented groups and diverse institutions in all NSF activities.”

How Do You Fix an Undersea Cable?

A working fiber will transmit those pulses all the way across the ocean, but a broken one will bounce it back from the site of the damage. By measuring the time it takes for the reflections to come back, the engineers can figure out where along the cable they have a problem.
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If the faulty part of the cable is less than about 6,500 feet down, the crew will send out a submersible tanklike robot that can move around on the sea floor. A signal can be sent through the cable to guide the robot toward the problem spot. When the robot finds the right place, it grabs ahold of the cable, cuts out the nonworking section, and pulls the loose ends back up to the ship.
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A skilled technician or “jointer” splices the glass fibers and uses powerful adhesives to attach the new section of cable to each cut end of the original—a process that can take up to 16 hours. The repaired cable is then lowered back to the seabed on ropes.

Help Choose the New PBS Science Program

PBS Science:

Here’s the experiment: Throughout January, PBS will broadcast three new science programs. Only one program will become a regular science series on PBS. We want you to help us decide. Watch the programs on your PBS station or, beginning January 1st, visit the companion sites below to watch each pilot show. Then tell us what you think

Wired Science – “brings WIRED Magazine’s cutting edge vision, stylish design, and irreverent attitude to the screen with breakout ideas, recent discoveries, and the latest innovations”

Science Investigators – “Full of information told through compelling stories, the series is presented by four young, lively hosts armed with the latest gadgets and technology, who make this a science show with attitude for the blog generation.” From WGBH, producers of NOVA

22nd Century – “Science fantasy or futuristic nightmare? 22nd Century takes you to the forefront of technology and hears from people on the cusp of a scientific revolution.”

Floating Windmills: Power at Sea

Floating Windmills (they broke the link – when will sites lean how to obey basic usability practices?):

A demonstration project is currently being planned based on wind turbines with a power generation capacity of 3 megawatt (MW). The windmills will reach 80 meters above the sea’s surface and will have a rotor diameter of about 90 meters.

According to plans, the demonstration project will start operating in 2007. We eventually envision wind turbines with a power capacity of 5 MW and a rotor diameter of approximately 120 meters.

“The future goal is to have large-scale offshore wind parks with up to 200 turbines capable of producing up to 4 terawatt hours (TWh) per year and delivering renewable electricity to both offshore and onshore activities. This goal is far in the future, but if we’re to succeed in 10-15 years, we have to start the work today,” Bech GjÃ¸rv says.

For photos see: Offshore Wind Turbine Farms

Effect of People on Other Species

We’ve Seen The Future, And It Is Us:

Human habitation has been, and is increasingly, playing a direct role not only in the extinction of species, but in their evolution. By our own actions, we may be accompanied into the future by ever more diverse pests and pathogens, and may leave behind what we value most—elephants, tigers, and others of the earth’s great megabeasts.
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Where we have industrialized agriculture, weeds have evolved to chemically mimic our crops to avoid the herbicide. Insect pests have evolved resistance to DDT and to the pesticides that have followed. We have countered with genetically engineered crops. Already there are insect species resistant to the defenses of those crops. When we add new species of crops, insects in turn rapidly switch to those.

Australian Coal Mining Caused Earthquakes

Coal Mining Causing Earthquakes, Study Says by Richard A. Lovett:

The magnitude-5.6 quake that struck Newcastle, in New South Wales, on December 28, 1989, killed 13 people, injured 160, and caused 3.5 billion U.S. dollars worth of damage. That quake was triggered by changes in tectonic forces caused by 200 years of underground coal mining, according to a study by Christian D. Klose of Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, New York.
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The removal of millions of tons of coal from the area caused much of the stress that triggered the Newcastle quake, Klose said. But even more significant was groundwater pumping needed to keep the mines from flooding.

Google Tech Webcasts #3

Here are some more technology webcasts from Google:

Competing On The Basis Of Speed by Mary Poppendieck discussing complexity, queuing theory, and constant innovation (see more on lean software development and see articles by the Poppendieck’s)
Ubuntu Linux by Mark Shuttleworth. The new computer I bought last month is running Ubuntu. So far it has been great.
Should Google Go Nuclear? Clean, cheap, nuclear power (no, really) by Dr. Robert Bussard – “Goodbye thermonuclear fusion; hello inertial electrostatic confinement fusion (IEC), an old idea that’s been made new.”
Keeping Up With The Human Genome by Tim Hubbard
Ruby And Google Maps by Andre Lewis
Third Millennium Problem Solving by David Brin and Sheldon Brown.

Too Much Choice

When Choice is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing? by Sheena S. Iyengar and Mark R. Lepper:

In 1830, Alexis de Tocqueville commented that, “In America I have seen the freest and best educated of men in circumstances the happiest to be found in the world; yet it seemed to me that a cloud habitually hung on their brow, and they seemed serious and almost sad even in their pleasures.” (p.536) More than one hundred years later, we are confronted with empirical findings which may support the paradox that de Tocqueville observed.

The three studies described in this report demonstrate for the first time the possibility, that while having more choices might appear desirable, it may sometimes have detrimental consequences for human motivation.

See more on this from our management blog: The Psychology of Too Much Choice.

Related: Choices = Headaches – The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less (videocast)

Midichloria mitochondrii

Use the force, bacteria (sadly, the site broke the link so our link was removed):

When his team took a tick apart to look for the new bug, they found it in the ovaries. And, when they looked closely at electron micrographs of infected ovarian tissues, they could see that the microbes were intracellular – living not in the cytoplasm of tick ova, but within their mitochondria.

“We’d never seen anything like this before,” Lo says, as he opens the image files on his laptop on a rainy afternoon in Sydney. “They seem to get in between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes and eat the mitochondria up. In the end you’ve just got this empty sack.”
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says he wasn’t aware of any other bacteria that live inside mitochondria. “It’s pretty surprising to see a bacterial species living inside the mitochondrion, which itself was a bacterium,”